Multiplication - traditional method (long multiplication)
Is a way to multiply large numbers but you only need knowledge up to your ten times tables.
That’s correct. Only up to ten; Wow, that deserves a high ten.
Example 1
`612times24`
`6` | `1` | `2` | |||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | |||||
`1` | `2,` | `2` | `4` | `0` | |||
`+` | `2,` | `4` | `4` | `8` | |||
`1` | `4,` | `6` | `8` | `8` | |||
To see this step by step
Multiplication - traditional method (long multiplication) step by step
Example 1
`612times24`
`6` | `1` | `2` | Always put the lower number lined up below the other number in their units | ||||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | |||||||
`6` | `1` | `2` | Start by multiplying the two on the `24` but put a zero in the next line to remember it is made up of `20` not `2` | ||||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | |||||||
`0` | |||||||||
`6` | `1` | `2` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | Now multiply the top number by `2` | ||||||
`1` | `2,` | `2` | `4` | `0` | |||||
`6` | `1` | `2` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | Now multiply the top number by `4` | ||||||
`1` | `2,` | `2` | `4` | `0` | |||||
`2,` | `4` | `4` | `8` | ||||||
`6` | `1` | `2` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `4` | |||||||
`1` | `2,` | `2` | `4` | `0` | |||||
`+` | `2,` | `4` | `4` | `8` | Add `12,240` to `2,448` | ||||
`1` | `4,` | `6` | `8` | `8` | |||||
Answer: `612times24=14,688`
Answer: `612times24=14,688`
Example 2
`423times213`
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | ||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | |||
`4,` | `2` | `3` | `0` | ||||
`+` | `1,` | `2` | `6` | `9` | |||
`9` | `0,` | `0` | `9` | `9` | |||
`1` | `1` | ||||||
To see this step by step
Multiplication - traditional method (long multiplication) step by step
Example 2
`423times213`
`4` | `2` | `3` | Always put the lower number lined up below the other number in their units | ||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | ||||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | Start by multiplying the `2` of the `213` but first put two zeros on the next line to remember it is made up of `200` not `2` | |||||
`0` | `0` | ||||||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | Now multiply the top number, column by column, by `2` | |||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | |||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | Now multiply the `1` of the `213` but put one zero on the next line to remember it is made up of `10` not `1` | |||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | |||||
`0` | |||||||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | ||||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | Now multiply the top number by `1` | ||||
`4,` | `2` | `3` | `0` | ||||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | ||||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | Now multiply the top number, column by column, by `3` | ||||
`4,` | `2` | `3` | `0` | ||||||
`1,` | `2` | `6` | `9` | ||||||
`4` | `2` | `3` | |||||||
`times` | `2` | `1` | `3` | ||||||
`8` | `4,` | `6` | `0` | `0` | Add `84,600` to `4,230` and `1,269` | ||||
`4,` | `2` | `3` | `0` | ||||||
`+` | `1,` | `2` | `6` | `9` | |||||
`9` | `0,` | `0` | `9` | `9` | |||||
`1` | `1` | ||||||||
Answer: `423times213=90,099`
Answer: `423times213=90,099`
Example 3
`158times5`
`1` | `5` | `8` | |||||
`times` | `5` | ||||||
`7` | `9` | `0` | |||||
`2` | `4` | ||||||
To see this step by step
Multiplication - traditional method (long multiplication) step by step
Example 3
`158times5`
`1` | `5` | `8` | ||||||
`times` | `5` | Always put the lower number lined up below the other number in their units | ||||||
`1` | `5` | `8` | ||||||
`times` | `5` | Start by multiplying `8times5` but carry over the `4` to below the line of the tens unit | ||||||
`0` | ||||||||
`4` | ||||||||
`1` | `5` | `8` | ||||||
`times` | `5` | Multiply the `5times5` but add `4` to the answer of `25` to give `29`. Now carry over the `2` by putting it below the line of the hundreds column. | ||||||
`9` | `0` | |||||||
`2` | `4` | |||||||
`1` | `5` | `8` | ||||||
`times` | `5` | Multiply the `5times1` but add the `2` below the line to give `7` | ||||||
`7` | `9` | `0` | ||||||
`2` | `4` | |||||||
Answer: `158times5=790`
Answer: `158times5=790`
Example 4
`57times46`
`5` | `7` | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | |||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | ||||
`2` | |||||||
`3` | `4` | `2` | |||||
`4` | |||||||
`2,` | `6` | `2` | `2` | ||||
`1` | |||||||
To see this step by step
Multiplication - traditional method (long multiplication) step by step
Example 4
`57times46`
`5` | `7` | |||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | Always put the lower number lined up below the other number in their units | |||||
`5` | `7` | Start by multiplying the `4` on the `46` but put the one zero on the next line to remember it is made up of `40` not `4` | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`0` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` | Now multiply the top number by `4`. The first answer is `4times7=28` but carry the two in small writing underneath the next units | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`8` | `0` | |||||||
`2` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` | Now multiply the `4times5=20` but don't forget to add the carrying unit underneath the `2` to make `22` | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | |||||
`2` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` | Now multiply the top number by `6`. The first answer `6xx7=42` but carry the `4` in small writing underneath the next unit. | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | |||||
`2` | ||||||||
`2` | ||||||||
`4` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` | Now multiply `5times6=30` but don't forget to add the carry unit underneath of `4` to make `34` | ||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | |||||
`2` | ||||||||
`3` | `4` | `2` | ||||||
`4` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` | Now add `2,280` to `342` and ignore all the little carried numbers. `2+0=2` `4+8=12` Carry the `1` in small writing underneath the next unit |
||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | |||||
`2` | ||||||||
`3` | `4` | `2` | ||||||
`4` | ||||||||
`2` | `2` | |||||||
`1` | ||||||||
`5` | `7` |
|
||||||
`times` | `4` | `6` | ||||||
`2,` | `2` | `8` | `0` | |||||
`2` | ||||||||
`3` | `4` | `2` | ||||||
`4` | ||||||||
`2,` | `6` | `2` | `2` | |||||
`1` | ||||||||
Answer: `57times46=2,622`
Answer: `57times46=2,622`